This is a workers’ compensation claim originally filed in 1976. The worker, now deceased, sought benefits, now pursued by his estate, for total disability allegedly caused by his long exposure to cotton dust while in the employ of Cone Mills. The Industrial Commission (Commission) originally dismissed the claim on procedural grounds but later invited Hogan to refile his claim, believing that certain new legislation entitled him to pursue the claim. See Hogan v. Cone Mills Corp., 315 N.C. 127, 337 S.E.2d 477 (1985), hereinafter Hogan I. Pursuant to this “invitation” Hogan filed his claim again in 1980, and the Commission concluded that Hogan was totally disabled due to byssinosis and awarded him compensation. The Court of Appeals reversed, concluding among other things that the Commission’s dismissal of Hogan’s original claim barred Hogan’s second claim under the doctrine of res judicata. Hogan *477 v. Cone Mills Corp., 63 N.C. App. 439, 305 S.E.2d 213 (1983). This Court in Hogan I reversed the Court of Appeals and remanded the matter to the Commission for further consideration.
In Hogan I we agreed with the Court of Appeals that the Commission’s dismissal of Hogan’s original claim so long as it remained in effect barred consideration of his second claim. Believing, however, that there were compelling circumstances which might lead the Commission in the exercise of its discretionary, inherent judicial power to set aside its dismissal of Hogan’s original claim, we reversed the Court of Appeals and remanded the matter to the Commission for its determination of whether its earlier dismissal should be set aside. We said:
The decision whether to set aside the judgment [of dismissal] rests, in the first instance, within the judgment of the Commission. If the Commission refuses to set aside the former judgment, Hogan’s claim will be barred by res judicata. If . . . the Commission does set aside the former judgment, no final judgment on the merits will exist to bar [Hogan’s second claim].
Hogan I, 315 N.C. at 142, 337 S.E.2d at 486.
On remand the Commission elected not to set aside its dismissal of Hogan’s first claim, and the Court of Appeals reversed this decision, with one judge dissenting.
On this appeal we have carefully considered the arguments, new briefs, the Court of Appeals’ majority and dissenting opinions, the record and our decision and opinion in Hogan I. We are simply unable to say under the circumstances of this case, as convoluted as they are, that the Commission’s refusal to set aside the dismissal was an abuse of its discretion. While there is much in the case which would have justified its setting aside of the dismissal, we cannot say the Commission’s decision to the contrary is wholly unsupported by reason. On this issue we cannot substitute our judgment for the Commission’s.
The Court of Appeals decision, therefore, reversing the Commission is
Reversed.