The order allowing plaintiff to amend bis complaint was authorized by G.S. 1-163 conferring upon courts the discretionary power to permit amendment of pleadings at any stage of a trial, even after final judgment, unless the amendment effects a substantial change in the claim or defense.
Manifestly, the complaint as amended states but one cause of action, i.e., a cause of action to quiet title to the locus in quo and to remove an adverse claim as a cloud thereon. G.S. 41-10; McIntosh: North Carolina Practice and Procedure in Civil Cases, sections 986-987; 51 C.J., Quieting Title, sections 154-170; 44 Am. Jur., Quieting Title, section 79. In consequence, no basis remains for the contention that several causes of action have been improperly united. G.S. 1-127.
Moreover, the amended complaint makes it clear that the defendants claim interests in the land in dispute under a common source adversely to plaintiff, and that their presence before the court is necessary to a complete adjudication of the questions involved in the suit. Hence, there is no misjoinder of parties. G.S. 1-69 ; McKeel v. Holloman, 163 N.C. 132, 79 S.E. 445; Swindell v. Smaw, 156 N.C. 1, 71 S.E. 1; Colgrove v. Koonce, 76 N.C. 363; 51 C.J., Quieting Title, section 150; 44 Am. Jur., Quieting Title, section 77.
The elimination of the eighth paragraph from the complaint obviates the necessity for ruling whether it rendered the complaint in its former state bad for misjoinder of causes of action. We do suggest, however, without so deciding, that the advancement or estoppel set out in paragraph eight inures to the benefit of Grady Sparks as an heir of Mattie Sparks rather than to the plaintiff as her surviving husband, and that in consequence paragraph eight of the complaint as it originally stood did not state a second cause of action in favor of the plaintiff against the defendants or any of them. Be this as it may, the defendants have no just cause to complain of the refusal of the court to dismiss the action for the supposedly objectionable portion of the complaint was removed by the amendment. Shore v. Holt, 185 N.C. 312, 117 S.E. 165.
The judgment overruling the demurrer and authorizing the defendants to plead to the complaint as amended is
Affirmed.