(after stating the case.) Section 3756 of The Code prescribes the fees to be paid witnesses, and section 1355 prescribes “rules for summoning witnesses.” It is apparent from an inspection of the sections of The Code referred to that they do not have reference to witnesses who reside out of the State. Section 1357 provides for the taking of depositions, and section 1358 specifies what depositions may be read in evidence, among them those of witnesses who reside in a foreign country or in another State. Section 1369 prescribes the manner in which witnesses shall prove their attendance, “ every person summoned, who shall attend as a witness in any suit, shall,” &c.
In Lewis v. Commissioners, 74 N. C., 194, it was said : “ At common law no costs were recoverable by the plaintiff or defendant in civil actions or criminal-prosecutions. * * * * Costs are now given by statute both in England and in this country, but they are recoverable by law only in those cases, State and civil, where they are allowed, and only in the manner and to the extent allowed by law.” A witness who attends Court “ without having been summoned ” is not entitled to prove his attendance so as to charge the losing party with the amount of his tickets. Thompson v. Hodges, 3 Hawks, 318.
*519The attendance of a non-resident witness cannot be enforced, even though summoned; and, as was said by Daniel, J., in Kinzey v. King, 6 Ired., 76, the party desiring his evidence may have his deposition taken. To the same effect is Meredith v. Kent’s Ex’rs, Martin, 17 (Battle’s edition).
It is true that in the case of State v. Stewart, 1 Car. Law R., 524, it was held that a witness who, after being summoned on the part of the State, removed to another State, was entitled to mileage from the place of his residence, but the reasons given were, that the “ binding a man in recognizance, to attend ” and give testimony did not put him under obligations not to change his place of residence; and another reason might have been given, and that is, in criminal cases the witnesses must be confronted with the accused, and they may be put under bonds to attend, if necessary.
In the case before us, it does not appear that the witness was summoned, and, so far as his right to charge the plaintiff with mileage is concerned, it is immaterial whether he was a resident of Richmond, Va., or of Waynesville, N. C. If the former, his deposition could have been taken and read, or if he chose to attend voluntarily as a witness on behalf of the defendant in the action, he could not tax the plaintiff with mileage; if the latter, there was no mileage to be taxed.
There is no error in the ruling of the Court below.
Affirmed.