delivered the opinion of the court:
The conviction of Lois Dent in the municipal court of Evanston on a charge of knowingly possessing a policy-book, numbers and slips, has been attacked in this court on constitutional grounds.
Two police officers suspected defendant of running a policy game and visited her home in July, 1937. In response to their ringing of the doorbell some one in the *34house said, “Come in.” They entered and found defendant and a woman companion seated at a table in the dining-room. On this table, in open view, were the book, numbers and slips; these the officers seized as evidence and arrested defendant. When the officers stood at the doorway ringing the bell, defendant could not see them and they could not see her or the table. They admitted the articles on the table could not be identified as paraphernalia of a policy game until they were examined. The identity of the visitors as police officers was not disclosed to defendant until they were in her presence. They had no search warrant. She denied giving the invitation to enter, but admitted her companion did so. One officer said defendant told them to “Come in.”
Proper steps were taken by defendant to suppress the evidence because it had been obtained by an unlawful search and seizure in contravention of her rights under the Federal and State constitutions. The trial court would not suppress the evidence on the ground no search had been made by the officers.
We cannot presume from the record the officers entered upon the invitation of defendant. Even though the invitation to enter was made by one in the presence of defendant, the evidence does not establish the invitation was extended with the permission of defendant. The gist of the act of invitation by another to enter the premises without a search warrant is that the invitation must be extended under specific authorization. (People v. Lind, 370 Ill. 131, and cases cited.) If anyone may indiscriminately waive the rights of another, the waiver is not a personal one; hence the constitutional privilege would be of no value. (Hays v. State, 38 Okla. Cr. 331, 261 Pac. 232.) In Gouled v. United States, 255 U. S. 298, 65 L. ed. 647, we find a case applicable upon the facts and law to the one before us. Defendant, with others, was there suspected of conspiracy to defraud the United States through contracts with it for clothing and *35equipment. One Cohen, a private in the army and attached to the Intelligence Department, was a business acquaintance of defendant. Under the direction of his superior officers, Cohen, while pretending to make a friendly call on defendant, secretly searched his files and abstracted therefrom a certain instrument the government later sought to use as evidence against him in a criminal trial. The court there held such search and seizure illegal where admission was obtained by stealth and fraud.
Here, the officers did not disclose their identity when seeking admission to the home of defendant. Under those circumstances, their actions were fraudulent and even if she had given them permission to enter, in ignorance of their official character and purpose, such entrance would have been illegal. The record intensifies the illegal act, for the conflicting evidence does not establish, as a fact, that defendant told them to enter.
The lower court erred in refusing to grant the motion of defendant to suppress the evidence. The judgment is reversed and the cause remanded, with directions to proceed in accordance with the views herein expressed.
Reversed and remanded, with directions.