Plaintiff Jeff Huang, a former student at the University of Pikeville's Kentucky College of Osteopathic Medicine (KYCOM), brings a host of claims, under numerous theories, against a corporate arm of the Presbyterian Church,1 his former school (the University of Pikeville), and various past and present University personnel.2 DE 6 (Amended Complaint).3 The suit stems from Plaintiff's ill-fated tenure as a med-student, his eventual withdrawal from the school, and the aftermath. As to the Complaint's4 thirteen pleaded Counts, most are time-barred, several rely on statutes that are not enforceable through a private cause of action, and another is inadequately pleaded. Further, Plaintiff states no claim, of any kind, against the Church Defendant. Accordingly, and for the reasons fully explained below, the Court wholly dismisses eleven Counts and all claims against the Church Defendant.
I. BACKGROUND
Plaintiff alleges violations of 42 U.S.C. §§ 1983 & 1985 (Counts I, II, & XII), federal mail and wire fraud statutes, 18 U.S.C. §§ 1341 & 1343 (Counts III & IV), RICO's conspiracy prohibition, 18 U.S.C. § 1962(d) (Count V), the Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act (FERPA), 20 U.S.C. § 1232g (Count VII), and Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, 42 U.S.C. § 2000d (Count X). Huang also asserts multiple Kentucky-law claims, including: common-law privacy invasion (Count VI), a KRS 164.283 violation (Count IX), breach of contract (Count XI), violations of Article II & III of the Commonwealth's constitution (Count XII), and an untethered Count for punitive damages (Count XIII).
A. Facts
Huang bases his claims on the following allegations:5
-- In September 2011, Defendant Dunatov (then-Dean of the med school) told another student that Huang was struggling academically, had inadequate grades, *969and failed to attend a learning skills workshop.
-- Sometime in 2012, Defendant Laurich (then-faculty at the med-school) falsely claimed Plaintiff was asleep in class. When Plaintiff denied the claim, Laurich replied, "Well, your eyes were significantly shut." Plaintiff and, in Huang's view, other students perceived Laurich's response as intending an aspersion on Plaintiff's East Asian ethnicity.
-- In (approximately) 2013, the University established a "Student Ethics Council" (the SEC) to which it conferred authority over functions previously reserved to University personnel. On October 22, 2013, the SEC president wrote Plaintiff a warning that directed him to enter the classroom using the back entrance if he arrived late for class. The SEC purportedly allowed four Caucasian class members late entry through the front entrance with no adverse consequences.
-- On November 21, 2013, Plaintiff posted a warning about potential campus gang activity on Facebook and stated: "You can guess at their demographic." On November 25, 2013, the SEC-misquoting Plaintiff as stating "I bet you can guess their demographics"-charged Huang with making a racially-centered, derogatory, and unprofessional comment unbecoming a future doctor. Defendant Dunatov denied Plaintiff's appeal and equated the violation to a prior student's posting of a female patient's genitalia on Facebook.
-- In May 2014, Plaintiff (without reasonable notice or opportunity to prepare) failed a mandatory remedial Internal Medicine exam, purportedly based on eighty PowerPoint packets and a 6,400-page textbook. Approximately 20% of the exam addressed electrocardiograms-a topic covered in only one PowerPoint packet. The remedial exam did not coincide with the regular semester's instruction content. Based on Plaintiff's failed examination, Defendant Soletz (then-Dean of Promotions and Matriculation) recommended Huang's dismissal from the med school. Defendant Buser (then-Dean of the med school) upheld Soletz's decision on appeal and advised Huang that KYCOM would dismiss him unless he voluntarily withdrew. See DE 6-5 (Pl's Ex. E - Buser's July 25, 2014, letter to Huang). Dean Buser also explained that he would not give Plaintiff a favorable recommendation to any other med school.
-- On a July 25, 2014, phone call, Defendant Buser advised Plaintiff that he had previously assisted a Caucasian student, who failed courses for three straight years at the University's med school, to enroll at another school. Buser claimed that he would not offer Huang similar aid.
-- On August 26, 2014, Plaintiff took the Comprehensive Osteopathic Medical Licensing Examination (COMLEX) level-one exam. See DE 6-7 (Pl's Ex. G). However, COMLEX invalidated Plaintiff's minimal passing score after the Defendant University notified the administering board of Plaintiff's withdrawal. The University permitted one of Huang's Caucasian, but otherwise similarly situated, classmates to take the COMLEX exam four times. The classmate has since graduated from the University's med school.
-- When Plaintiff completed his second year of med school, KYCOM considered Huang and seven of his classmates marginal academically. The University allowed the six Caucasian students in this cadre immediately to repeat their second-year classes; the University notified the other two academically marginal students, Plaintiff and another Taiwanese student, that they would not receive the same opportunity.
-- Beginning in 2012, Plaintiff retained counsel and attempted to resolve his dispute with the University. On July 19, 2012, the University's then-counsel invited *970Plaintiff's counsel to discuss the issues. A September 14, 2016, letter from the University Defendants' current counsel to Kentucky's Council on Post-Secondary Education (CPE)-responding to Plaintiff's complaint, see DE 16-2-stated the University's denial of forcible withdrawal and discrimination.6
B. Posture
The Church and University Defendants, separately, pursue dismissal. DE 8 & 10 (Motions). The motions stand fully briefed and ripe for review. DE 12 & 13 (Responses); DE 14 & 16 (Replies); see also DE 11 (University Defendants approving Church Defendant's DE 8 effort). The Church Defendant principally pursues dismissal on the following basis: "Huang's Amended Complaint simply contains no substantive factual allegation concerning the A Corporation that even remotely suggests [it] is liable to Huang for the harms he alleges." DE 8-1 at 3. The University Defendants argue for dismissal under a variety of theories including statutes of limitations, absence of a private cause of action, and simple inadequate pleading. See generally DE 10. Ultimately, the Court finds the motions well-founded, Plaintiff's responses unavailing, and dismissal of the targeted claims warranted.
C. Dismissal Standard
To survive a motion to dismiss, "a complaint must contain sufficient factual matter, accepted as true, to 'state a claim to relief that is plausible on its face.' " Ashcroft v. Iqbal , 556 U.S. 662, 129 S.Ct. 1937, 1949, 173 L.Ed.2d 868 (2009) (quoting Bell Atl. Corp. v. Twombly , 550 U.S. 544, 127 S.Ct. 1955, 1974, 167 L.Ed.2d 929 (2007) ). "A claim has facial plausibility when the plaintiff pleads factual content that allows the court to draw the reasonable inference that the defendant is liable for the misconduct alleged." Id. However, "a formulaic recitation of a cause of action's elements will not do[.]" Twombly , 127 S.Ct. at 1965. Courts "must construe the complaint in the light most favorable to the plaintiff and accept all allegations as true." Keys v. Humana, Inc. , 684 F.3d 605, 608 (6th Cir. 2012). Yet, courts need not accept "legal conclusion[s] couched as [ ] factual allegation[s]." Papasan v. Allain , 478 U.S. 265, 106 S.Ct. 2932, 2944, 92 L.Ed.2d 209 (1986).
Hinging on Rule 8's minimal standards, Twombly and Iqbal7 require a plaintiff to *971"plead facts sufficient to show that her claim has substantive plausibility." Johnson v. City of Shelby , --- U.S. ----, 135 S.Ct. 346, 347, 190 L.Ed.2d 309 (2014). Where plaintiffs state "simply, concisely, and directly events that ... entitle[ ] them to damages," the rules require "no more to stave off threshold dismissal for want of an adequate statement[.]" Id. ; El-Hallani v. Huntington Nat. Bank , 623 F. App'x 730, 739 (6th Cir. 2015) ("Although Twombly and Iqbal have raised the bar for pleading, it is still low.").
Generally, "matters outside of the pleadings are not to be considered by a court in ruling on a ... motion to dismiss." Weiner , 108 F.3d at 88. However, the Court may "consider other materials that are integral to the complaint, are public records, or are otherwise appropriate for the taking of judicial notice." Ashland, Inc. v. Oppenheimer & Co. , 648 F.3d 461, 467 (6th Cir. 2011) (internal quotation marks and citation omitted). While a statute of limitations defense often is not appropriate for consideration as part of a 12(b)(6) motion, such defense may prevail "where the allegations of the complaint itself set forth everything necessary to satisfy the affirmative defense, such as when a complaint plainly reveals that an action is untimely." Andonissamy v. Hewlett-Packard Co. , 547 F.3d 841, 847 (7th Cir. 2008) ; Marsh v. Genentech, Inc. , 693 F.3d 546, 554-55 (6th Cir. 2012) ("A motion to dismiss can be premised on an affirmative defense ... if 'the plaintiff's own allegations show that a defense exists that legally defeats the claim for relief.' " (internal citation omitted) ).
II. THE PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH
At the dismissal stage, the Court accepts as true that the Church Defendant is in some way "affiliated" with the Defendant University. Defendant's motion-stated contrary factual claims are, thus, irrelevant to the Court's 12(b)(6) analysis.8 On the other hand, the "affiliation" contention is the only material factual allegation Plaintiff directs to the Church Defendant. [Indeed, Plaintiff does not individually depict the Church as a party. See DE 6 at ¶¶ 5-13.] Huang's bare claim of "affiliation" states no plausible entitlement to relief, under any pleaded theory, against the Church Defendant. Thus, the Court dismisses the Plaintiff's claims as to that entity under Rule 12(b)(6).
Plaintiff contends that "in many instances the terms 'affiliate' and 'affiliated' describe a corporate connection that is legally cognizable[.]" DE 13 at 7. True enough, as a general proposition. However, Huang's definitional theory ultimately offers him no aid. Plaintiff's argument, at *972most, establishes the possibility that circumstances could theoretically confer meaning on the term "affiliated" to make a legally significant connection. Yet, Huang entirely fails to connect that bare prospect to the reality of his Complaint, i.e. , he does not explain how the pleaded "affiliation" allegation supports or implies an actionable claim against the Church Defendant. Cunningham v. Kondaur Capital , No. 3:14-1574, 2014 WL 8335868, at *7 (M.D. Tenn. Nov. 19, 2014), report and recommendation approved , No. 3:14-CV-01574, 2015 WL 1412737 (M.D. Tenn. Mar. 26, 2015) ("[T]he mere possibility that a defendant may be vicariously liable is not sufficient to state a claim for relief, and pleading facts that are merely consistent with liability is not enough.").
Undoubtedly, the University could be "affiliated" (under one of the many available interpretations of that amorphous term) with a great many organizations. But all such "affiliates" are not, merely by associating with the Defendant in any recognizable form, subject to vicarious liability for alleged University wrongs. Vicarious liability is a defined legal doctrine applicable only under specific circumstances, none of which are, here, pleaded. [For instance, the Complaint alleges no plausible basis for an agency finding under any recognized theory. See, e.g. , Restatement (Third) Agency § 1.01 (2006) (defining "Agency"); id. at § 2.03 ("Apparent Authority"); id. at § 4.01 (defining "Ratification").] Stated otherwise, Plaintiff identifies no mechanism for holding the Church Defendant, affiliated or not, liable for any other Defendant's purported misdeeds.
To survive dismissal, a complaint must "contain either direct or inferential allegations respecting all material elements necessary for recovery under a viable legal theory." D'Ambrosio v. Marino , 747 F.3d 378, 383 (6th Cir. 2014) (internal quotation marks omitted). Plaintiff's factual allegations needed to "do more than create speculation or suspicion of a legally cognizable cause of action; they [needed to] show entitlement to relief." League of United Latin Am. Citizens v. Bredesen , 500 F.3d 523, 527 (6th Cir. 2007) (citing Twombly , 127 S.Ct. at 1965 ) (emphasis in original). Again, the Complaint mentions no agency or vicarious liability theory, and alleges no direct Church involvement.9 In short, Plaintiff entirely failed to state any claim against the Church Defendant.
A company could be affiliated by ownership, governance, control, contract, or by custom or operation of law. Some affiliations could implicate agency; most certainly would not. The Court can plausibly glean nothing from the naked alleged affiliation, which has no independent, determinative meaning in the context of imputed or vicarious liability.10
*973III. THE UNIVERSITY DEFENDANTS
A. Statutes of Limitations
Seven of Plaintiff's claims are facially untimely. Neither collateral estoppel nor the continuing violation doctrine save the tardy claims. Accordingly, the Court dismisses Counts I, II, VI, VIII, IX, X, and XII.11
The parties do not dispute the applicable limitations periods. For § 1983 and Title VI claims, federal courts borrow forum states' personal injury statutes of limitation. See Wilson v. Garcia , 471 U.S. 261, 105 S.Ct. 1938, 1949, 85 L.Ed.2d 254 (1985) ( Section 1983 ); Lillard v. Shelby Cty. Bd. of Educ. , 76 F.3d 716, 729 (6th Cir. 1996) ("Indeed, all of the circuits deciding the [limitations period for Title VI claims] have uniformly applied the state personal injury limitations period." (internal citations omitted) ). Here, the relevant statute surely is the one-year limitation period provided by KRS 413.140. Ham v. Marshall Cty., Ky. , No. 5:11-CV-11, 2012 WL 5930148, at *3 (W.D. Ky. Nov. 27, 2012) (citing Collard v. Ky. Bd. of Nursing , 896 F.2d 179, 182 (6th Cir. 1990) ) ( Section 1983 ); Smith v. Spalding Univ. , No. 3:15-CV-00595-GNS, 2016 WL 3748522, at *2 (W.D. Ky. July 8, 2016) (Title VI). Kentucky law required Plaintiff to "commence[ ]" his (Count I, Count X & Count XII12 ) civil rights claims "within *974one (1) year after the cause[s] of action accrued[.]" KRS 413.140(1)(a) & (c). A one-year limit also applies to Plaintiff's § 1985 claim (Count II):
KRS 413.140(1) imposes a one-year statute of limitations for personal injury suits in Kentucky. For a 42 U.S.C. § 1985 action, a court "must look to the most analogous statute of limitations of the state in which the cause of action arose." Bedford [v. Univ. of Louisville Sch. of Med. , 887 F.2d 1086, 1086] (6th Cir.1989). Kentucky's one-year statute of limitations for conspiracies, KRS 413.140(1)(c), applies to 42 U.S.C. § 1985 actions because it is most analogous to the § 1985 actions. Id.
Eubank v. Collins , No. CIV.A. 11-326-C, 2012 WL 245234, at *1 (W.D. Ky. Jan. 26, 2012).
Defendants assumed, and Plaintiff did not dispute, that the common-law privacy breach (Count VI) claim triggers by Kentucky's catch-all 5-year statute of limitations. DE 10 at 13; see KRS 413.120(6) (requiring commencement within five years for "[a]n action for an injury to the rights of the plaintiff, not arising on contract and not otherwise enumerated"). The Court, for now, accepts the parties' operating assumption.13 The IIED (Count VIII) and KRS 164.283 claims (Count IX)14 also *975carry 5-year limitations periods. Craft v. Rice , 671 S.W.2d 247, 251 (Ky. 1984) ("There is a right to be free of emotional distress arising from conduct by another. Because the essence of the tort is the interference with this right and not whether any bodily harm results, the five-year statute of limitations applies."); KRS 413.120(2) (requiring commencement within five years for "[a]n action upon a liability created by statute, when no other time is fixed by the statute creating the liability.").
1. Counts I, II, X, and XII
Plaintiff's civil-rights based ( 42 U.S.C. §§ 1983, 1985, 2000d ) claims facially fail as time barred by the applicable one-year statutes of limitations. The alleged factual bases for Counts I, II, X, and XII occurred prior to September 14, 2016.15 Thus, Plaintiff's September 14, 2017, Complaint came too late.
2. Counts VI, VIII, and IX
Huang's state-law privacy (common law and KRS 164.283 ) and outrage claims are also untimely under the applicable five-year limitations periods. All three claims rely on Defendant Dunatov's alleged release of Plaintiff's academic information to a third-party student in September 2011. Plaintiff's suit-filed approximately six years after Defendant's cited disclosures-clearly came after expiration of the relevant statutory periods.
3. Tolling Theories
Contrary to Plaintiff's contentions, neither equitable estoppel nor the doctrine of continuing violations spares the untimely claims. Huang does not challenge Defendant's assertions regarding the timeline for the underlying factual allegations. Rather, Plaintiff pursues tolling under continuing violations and equitable estoppel theories. Because Huang fails to present any valid tolling basis the Court dismisses I, II, VI, VIII, IX, X, and XII, as untimely.
a. Continuing Violations
Plaintiff's continuing violations theory principally relies on three Complaint paragraphs, which the Court, for the sake of clarity, fully reproduces here:
56. Beginning in 2012, Plaintiff retained his present legal counsel, and attempted to resolve his dispute with the University.
57. In a letter Plaintiff's counsel dated July 19, 2012, the University's then counsel, Daniel H. Combs invited Plaintiff's counsel to "contact this office" so that the respective counsel might "further discuss the matter."
58. After four years of such discussions, the University's then counsel, Josh Salisbury, in a letter dated September 14, 2016, advised Plaintiff's counsel that the University's position was that "the University did not force Mr. Huang to withdraw from the KYCOM program or discriminate against him" and that "[t]he university of Pikeville requests that this Complaint be disposed of following review of this Response and the attached documentation." The letter further stated: "Nothing about the information or arguments presented above should be construed as a waiver or any defense or argument to which the University may be entitled."
DE 6 at ¶¶ 56-58. Plaintiff argues, and the Court accepts as true at this stage, that *976the four-years of discussions included ultimately unsuccessful resolution efforts. However, the Court cannot plausibly construe the allegations as averring a continuing violation, of any kind, that would justify tolling.
The continuing violations doctrine permits tolling of the limitations period under three conditions:
First, the defendant's wrongful conduct must continue after the precipitating event that began the pattern[.] ... Second, injury to the plaintiff must continue to accrue after that event. Finally, further injury to the plaintiffs must have been avoidable if the defendants had at any time ceased their wrongful conduct.
Tolbert v. State of Ohio Dep't of Transp. , 172 F.3d 934, 940 (6th Cir. 1999). The "Sixth Circuit employs the continuing violations doctrine most commonly in Title VII cases, and rarely extends it to § 1983 actions." Sharpe v. Cureton , 319 F.3d 259, 266 (6th Cir. 2003) ; see also Slorp v. Lerner, Sampson & Rothfuss , 587 F. App'x 249, 257 (6th Cir. 2014) ("Courts have been 'extremely reluctant' to extend the continuing-violation doctrine beyond the context of Title VII[.]" (internal citations omitted) ). However, "[a] plaintiff can establish a continuing violation if he or she shows a longstanding and demonstrable policy of discrimination." Katz v. Vill. of Beverly Hills , 677 F. App'x 232, 236 (6th Cir. 2017) (internal citations and quotation marks omitted). In the circumstances, Plaintiff essentially needed to allege that "some form of intentional discrimination against the class of which plaintiff was a member was the ... standing operating procedure." Basista Holdings, LLC v. Ellsworth Twp. , 710 F. App'x 688, 693 (6th Cir. 2017) (internal citations and quotation marks omitted).16
Additionally, because a "continuing violation is occasioned by continual unlawful acts, not continual ill effects from an original violation[,]" Tolbert , 172 F.3d at 940 (internal citations omitted), Huang needed to allege "an act contributing to the claim occurr[ing] within the filing period[.]" Taylor , 452 F. App'x at 619 (quoting Morgan, 122 S.Ct. at 2067 ). "When a continuing violation is found, a plaintiff is entitled to have the court consider all relevant actions allegedly taken pursuant to the [ ] discriminatory policy or practice, including those that would otherwise be time barred." Sharpe , 319 F.3d at 267 (internal citations and quotation marks omitted).
Preliminarily, the Court rejects Plaintiff's blanket attempt to bootstrap the privacy (Counts VI & IX) and IIED claims (Count VIII) into an overarching conspiracy theory with readmission rejection as the culminating act. See DE 12 at 16. Huang did not plead a collusive agreement (by or between any Defendants) to this effect. Moreover, all three Counts are based on a single discrete event (in 2011). See DE 6 at ¶¶ 15-17; Slorp , 587 F. App'x at 258 ("Liability attaches to a discrete act as soon as that act occurs[.]"). The Complaint does not connect this event to either pleaded conspiracy theory (RICO or § 1985 )-not as contributing conduct or as a predicate violation. Instead, Huang explicitly ties *977Defendant Dunatov's alleged disclosures to Kentucky privacy and outrage claims. Stated otherwise, Plaintiff's own allegations do not support and, in fact, refute any contention that the privacy and IIED claims are "part of the ongoing conspiracy which he has alleged." DE 12 at 16.
Applying the continuing violations analysis to the civil rights claims (Counts I, II, X, and XII) presents a (slightly) closer call. The Court assumes, for argument's sake, that the pleaded facts support a potential inference of class-based discrimination toward those of "East Asian ethnicity[.]" See DE 6 at ¶¶ 21, 28, 29, 37-38, 50-55. The civil rights claims, nonetheless, remain time-barred because Plaintiff failed to allege an act contributing to the claim within the timely filing period. See Taylor , 452 F. App'x at 619. The Court has fully reviewed the letter that Plaintiff relies on for the alleged anchoring act. See DE 16-2. The Court finds (and Plaintiff claims) no plausible basis to construe the Defendant University's letter submission, through counsel-and responding to Plaintiff's previously lodged CPE complaint-as an unlawful act of any kind. Continuing violations tolling, again, requires "continual unlawful acts, not continual ill effects from an original violation." Tolbert , 172 F.3d at 940.
Plaintiff contends the letter constituted the "University's final rejection of his attempts" to regain admission by complying with certain conditions. DE 12 at 12. Nothing in the Complaint, however, suggests that Defendants reneged on (or presented) readmission guarantees after Plaintiff satisfied offered terms. At best, the pleadings, though thinly, support an inference that the parties' four-years of "discussions" included possible resolution proposals. Despite Huang's current claims, the pleadings offer no indication of an illusory readmission promise.17
The Court, stretching the Plaintiff-favorable inference requirement to its limits, views the Complaint as supporting failed discussions culminating in the University refusing to readmit Plaintiff. "At most, th[is] alleged act[ ] constitute[d] continual ill effects from the" 2014 forced withdrawal. Mitchell v. Taylor , No. 16-6335, 2018 WL 4162255, at *3 (6th Cir. Apr. 16, 2018), cert. petition filed , --- U.S. ----, 18-5886 (Sep. 7, 2018). Stated otherwise, the University's "opposition to [Huang's CPE complaint] is not independently actionable because it merely gave 'present effect' to [allegedly illicit] conduct that had occurred outside the limitations window." Slorp , 587 F. App'x at 259.
"Merely waving the wand of 'continuing violation' is not enough to weave distinct and separate acts into a continuous narrative which eschews a one-year deadline." See *978Bullock v. City of Covington , No. CV 16-56-HRW, 2016 WL 6694486, at *4 (E.D. Ky. Nov. 14, 2016), aff'd , 698 F. App'x 305 (6th Cir. 2017). Because Huang fails to plausibly allege any unlawful act within the filing period, the continuing violations doctrine cannot save the untimely claims. See id. ("The continuing violation doctrine is strictly construed and rarely applied in the Sixth Circuit.")
b. Equitable Tolling / Estoppel
Plaintiff contends that the University's representations to his counsel regarding readmission effectively induced Plaintiff to delay filing until the relevant limitations periods expired. Thus, per Plaintiff, Defendants are equitably estopped from reliance on limitations defenses and, alternatively, equitable tolling applies. The Court disagrees.
"In determining whether equitable tolling is appropriate, [the Sixth Circuit has] consistently considered the following factors: (1) lack of notice of the filing requirement; (2) lack of constructive knowledge of the filing requirement; (3) diligence in pursuing one's rights; (4) absence of prejudice to the defendant; and (5) plaintiff's reasonableness in remaining ignorant of the legal requirement for filing his claim." Taylor , 452 F. App'x at 618 (internal citations omitted). Plaintiff claims no absence of actual or constructive notice regarding the relevant filing deadlines. Nor does Huang allege that he diligently pursued his rights or that Defendants would not be prejudiced.
The Sixth Circuit directs federal courts to "sparingly bestow equitable tolling," and follows the general rule that "equitable tolling applies only when a litigant's failure to meet a legally-mandated deadline unavoidably arose from circumstances beyond [his] control." Graham-Humphreys v. Memphis Brooks Museum of Art, Inc. , 209 F.3d 552, 560-61 (6th Cir. 2000) (internal citations omitted). Here, the Court sees no compelling reason to toll the at-issue limitations periods. See id. ("Absent compelling equitable considerations, a court should not extend limitations by even a single day."). Huang, represented by counsel since 2012 , attempted to negotiate his readmission to a school that he claims discriminated against him over several years. When those efforts bore no fruit, Plaintiff pursued legal action through a state agency. The pleadings offer no reasonable basis to believe Plaintiff, or his counsel, was misled about (or ignorant of) the existence of the statutes of limitations or the consequences of allowing lapse sans filing.
"Similarly, equitable estoppel is invoked when a defendant takes steps to prevent the plaintiff from timely filing her claims.... Application of equitable estoppel is premised on misconduct by the defendant, as well as the plaintiff's actual and reasonable reliance on that misconduct." Taylor , 452 F. App'x at 618 (internal citations omitted). The doctrine "is invoked in cases where the defendant takes active steps to prevent the plaintiff from suing in time, such as by hiding evidence or promising not to plead the statute of limitations." Bridgeport Music, Inc. v. Diamond Time, Ltd. , 371 F.3d 883, 891 (6th Cir. 2004) (internal citations omitted). To invoke equitable estoppel, a plaintiff must "demonstrate that his ignorance is not attributable to a lack of diligence on his part." Id.
Even if the Court accepted as true Plaintiff's un-pleaded, fanciful allegation that Defendants initiated readmission discussions to induce Plaintiff to delay filing, that would not warrant estoppel application here. Huang does not claim that Defendants made any representations regarding the statutes of limitations. "[P]laintiff does not suggest how this [conduct] prevented [him] from suspecting that the alleged" misconduct was discriminatory *979or otherwise discovering his claims. Taylor , 452 F. App'x at 618. The alleged false readmission assurances were "not vital to the existence of [P]laintiff's claim[s.]" Id. at 619.
Critically, Plaintiff does not claim that the alleged guarantees prevented timely filing. Plaintiff was free to choose whether to file suit or pursue out-of-court resolution or, as is typical, both. Indeed, the Complaint allegations, and incorporated documents, surely indicate that Plaintiff did not rely18 on any readmission promise after July 2016-when Plaintiff filed the CPE complaint.19 At bottom, Plaintiff's allegations permit no inference that his failure to timely file was attributable to anything other than "a lack of diligence on his part[.]". Bridgeport , 371 F.3d at 891 (internal citation omitted). Accordingly, equitable estoppel does not apply.
4. Sub-Conclusion
Plaintiff's IIED, privacy, and civil rights claims20 are untimely under the applicable statutes of limitations. The efforts to circumvent the time bar through continuing violation and equitable doctrines are unavailing. Huang, having previously retained counsel, chose to pursue *980resolution of his dispute outside the courthouse. His recent change in tack, after those efforts failed, came too late. Accordingly, the Court dismisses the tardy claims.21
B. No Private Cause of Action
1. Mail Fraud & Wire Fraud
The University Defendants correctly point out that neither the federal mail or wire fraud statute is enforceable via a private cause of action. Plaintiff does not dispute Defendants' contention, but now insists that he intended only to plead a RICO conspiracy claim, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 1961. Huang argues the fraud claims only as RICO predicate offenses. Accordingly, the Court dismisses Counts III and IV to the extent they suggest independent mail and wire fraud claims.
2. FERPA
Count VII alleges a FERPA violation pursuant to 20 U.S.C. § 1232g. DE 6 at ¶¶ 79-81. FERPA, however, does not authorize a private cause of action. Gonzaga Univ. v. Doe , 536 U.S. 273, 122 S.Ct. 2268, 2277, 153 L.Ed.2d 309 (2002) ("[T]here is no question that FERPA's nondisclosure provisions fail to confer enforceable rights."). Thus, Count VII fails to state a claim, and the Court dismisses it pursuant to Rule 12(b)(6).
3. Kentucky Constitution
In addition to asserting the Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution, Plaintiff's Count XII seeks compensation for due process violations under "Articles 2 and 3 of the Kentucky Constitution." DE 6 at ¶ 93. Neither Kentucky statutory or common law permits a private cause of action for state constitutional violations. See St. Luke Hosp., Inc. v. Straub , 354 S.W.3d 529, 536 (Ky. 2011) ("[W]e hold that KRS 446.070 does not create a private right of action for violations of the state constitution because our constitution is not a statute."); id. at 537 (declining to "create a new tort cause of action in Kentucky to provide money damages for constitutional violations"). Accordingly, the Court dismisses the state law portion of Count XII for failure to state a claim.
C. RICO
Plaintiff alleges a RICO conspiracy, per 18 U.S.C. § 1962(d), based on alleged mail and wire fraud predicates. However, the Complaint alleges no actionable fraudulent scheme, claims no agreement, and identifies no RICO-compensable property damage. Because Huang fails to plausibly allege a single RICO predicate offense-much less a racketeering-activity pattern or related conspiracy-Count V fails.
Section 1962(d) bars conspiracies to violate the § 1962(a-c) substantive prohibitions. Presumably, though Huang does not identify a particular subsection, Plaintiff relies on § 1962(c) as the basis for his conspiracy allegation.22 See DE 6 at *981¶ 72. A § 1962(c) violation has four elements: "(1) conduct (2) of an enterprise (3) through a pattern (4) of racketeering activity." Sedima, S.P.R.L. v. Imrex Co. , 473 U.S. 479, 105 S.Ct. 3275, 3285, 87 L.Ed.2d 346 (1985). A "pattern of racketeering activity" is a "series of related predicates that together demonstrate the existence or threat of continued criminal activity." RJR Nabisco, Inc. v. European Cmty. , --- U.S. ----, 136 S.Ct. 2090, 2096-97, 195 L.Ed.2d 476 (2016). "[R]acketeering activity" includes, in relevant part, "any act which is indictable under" the mail or wire fraud statutes. 18 U.S.C. § 1961(1)(B). A RICO "pattern" must include "at least two" predicate offenses within a ten-year period. 18 U.S.C. § 1961(5).
RICO's civil remedies provision, 18 U.S.C. § 1964, "provides a private right of action for treble damages to any person injured in his business or property by ... a pattern of acts indictable as mail [or wire] fraud." Bridge v. Phoenix Bond & Indem. Co. , 553 U.S. 639, 128 S.Ct. 2131, 2138, 170 L.Ed.2d 1012 (2008). In turn, mail and wire fraud consist of:
(1) a scheme or artifice to defraud; (2) use of the mails or interstate wire communications in furtherance of the scheme; and (3) intent to deprive a victim of money or property. United States v. Turner , 465 F.3d 667, 680 (6th Cir. 2006) ; United States v. Daniel , 329 F.3d 480, 485 (6th Cir.2003). "A scheme to defraud is any plan or course of action by which someone intends to deprive another of money or property by means of false or fraudulent pretenses, representations, or promises." United States v. Faulkenberry , 614 F.3d 573, 581 (6th Cir. 2010) (internal quotation marks and alterations omitted).
Slorp , 587 F. App'x at 264-65. For a proper conspiracy allegation, Plaintiff needed to allege that the conspirators agreed to "to further an endeavor which, if completed, would satisfy all of the elements of a substantive criminal offense[.]" Salinas v. United States , 522 U.S. 52, 118 S.Ct. 469, 477, 139 L.Ed.2d 352 (1997).
Additionally, for the alleged predicate violations, Huang had to "state with particularity the circumstances constituting fraud[.]" Fed. R. Civ. P. 9(b). To satisfy the heightened Rule 9(b) pleading standard, Plaintiff needed to specify the "time, place, and content of the alleged misrepresentation on which he or she relied; the fraudulent scheme; the fraudulent intent of the defendants; and the injury resulting from the fraud." Wall v. Rental , No. 15-13254, 2016 WL 3418539, at *4 (E.D. Mich. June 22, 2016), aff'd sub nom. Wall v. Michigan Rental , 852 F.3d 492 (6th Cir. 2017) (hereinafter Wall II ); accord Wall II , 852 F.3d at 496.
Plaintiff's RICO claim is fatally deficient in multiple respects. For starters, the Complaint does not particularly allege any events that could qualify as predicate fraud offenses. Plaintiff's only specific fraud allegations, DE 6 at ¶¶ 66 & 69, are entirely conclusory and do not identify any particular misrepresentation. The balance of the Complaint contains two allegations that, in the Court's view, arguably identify misrepresentations. See id. at ¶¶ 18, 33. Yet, no allegation plausibly claims conduct indictable as mail or wire fraud.
*982First, the 2012 allegation-regarding Defendant Laurich's purported false accusation that Plaintiff was sleeping in class-does not involve the use of mails or interstate wire communications. See id. ¶ 18 ("in the presence of other students"). Second, the November 2013 claim-regarding the Student Ethics Council's misquotation of Plaintiff's Facebook post-is not attributed to any alleged co-conspirator or named Defendant. Compare id. at ¶¶ 6-12 (naming Defendants), with ¶ 27 (identifying "R. Jackie Do" as "president of the aforementioned Student Ethics Council"), and DE 6-3 (naming, in document containing alleged misrepresentation, Ryan Johnson and Tyler Scott McMurry as "SEC Representative Counselor[s]"). Further, Huang wholly fails to tie either misstatement to any actionable scheme under the mail-or wire-fraud rubrics-i.e. , a "plan or course of action by which someone intends to deprive another ... of money or property by means of false or fraudulent pretenses, representations, or promises." United States v. Daniel , 329 F.3d 480, 485 (6th Cir. 2003) (internal quotation marks omitted); see also Monterey Plaza Hotel Ltd. P'ship v. Local 483 of Hotel Employees & Rest. Employees Union, AFL-CIO , 215 F.3d 923, 927 (9th Cir. 2000) ("The purpose of the mail fraud and wire fraud proscriptions is to punish wrongful transfers of property from the victim to the wrongdoer, not to salve wounded feelings."). In short, Plaintiff did not particularly plead a single plausible fraud claim, much less an actionable RICO "pattern."
Plaintiff's failure to state a § 1962(c) claim necessarily dooms the conspiracy count. See 18 U.S.C. 1962(d) ; see also Beck v. Prupis , 529 U.S. 494, 120 S.Ct. 1608, 1616, 146 L.Ed.2d 561 (2000) ("[I]njury caused by an overt act that is not an act of racketeering or otherwise wrongful under RICO ... is not sufficient to give rise to a cause of action under § 1964(c) for a violation of § 1962(d)."). Moreover, Plaintiff "pleaded the conclusory allegation that the [D]efendants 'conspired,' " without pleading "the elements of a conspiracy." Craighead v. E.F. Hutton & Co. , 899 F.2d 485, 495 (6th Cir. 1990).23 Huang's failure to plead any agreement between any Defendants to engage in RICO-violative conduct is also fatal. See Pik-Coal Co. v. Big Rivers Elec. Corp. , 200 F.3d 884, 890 n.10 (6th Cir. 2000) ("The plaintiff's cryptic conspiracy allegation ... omitted essential allegations detailing an agreement to jointly undertake specific actions illegalized by RICO."). Additionally, Huang does not claim a loss of property proximately caused by any alleged fraud, as § 1964(c) requires. Bridge v. Phoenix Bond & Indem. Co. , 553 U.S. 639, 128 S.Ct. 2131, 2141, 170 L.Ed.2d 1012 (2008) (" § 1964(c) likewise requires the plaintiff to establish proximate cause in order to show injury 'by reason of' a RICO violation.").
In sum, Huang did not adequately plead a RICO predicate, a § 1962(c) violation, a § 1962(d) conspiracy, or a § 1964(c) -compensable injury. Count V falls well short of clearing the Rule 9(b) or 12(b)(6) hurdles and, thus, the Court dismisses the claim.
IV. AMENDMENT REQUEST
Plaintiff, in his Response, requests leave to file an amended complaint if the Court grants Defendants' motions. The Court, for now, rejects the request. Because no motion pends, Defendants have not had a formal opportunity to respond to the request. Further, Plaintiff does not identify the nature of any proposed *983amendments. Thus, the Court is unable to analyze the motion under the applicable standards. See, e.g. , Fed. R. Civ. P. 15(a)(2) (providing that a party may amend its pleadings with the court's leave, which "[t]he court should freely give ... when justice so requires."); Foman v. Davis , 371 U.S. 178, 83 S.Ct. 227, 230, 9 L.Ed.2d 222 (1962) (Courts may deny amendment for a variety of reasons-"such as undue delay, bad faith or dilatory motive on the part of the movant, repeated failure to cure deficiencies by amendments previously allowed, undue prejudice to the opposing party by virtue of allowance of the amendment, futility of amendment, etc."). The record, at this point, does not allow the Court to reach a reasoned decision on Plaintiff's non-specific amendment request-which is not, in its current form, a motion properly before the Court. The Court notes, however, the Sixth Circuit's instruction that a timely request to amend, in response to potential dismissal, is a factor relevant to denying or freely granting amendment. See Tucker v. Middleburg-Legacy Place , 539 F.3d 545, 551-52 (6th Cir. 2008). Further, Plaintiff already amended once. Thus, although the Court denies the request for now, Plaintiff has leave to file a properly supported amendment motion, compliant with any scheduling order.24
V. CONCLUSION
For all these reasons the Court ORDERS as follows:
1. The Court GRANTS DE 8 and DISMISSES all claims against the Defendant Presbyterian Church (U.S.A.), A Corporation, WITHOUT PREJUDICE ;
2. The Court GRANTS DE 10 (consistent with the above rulings) and dismisses Counts I, II, III, IV, V, VI, VII, VIII, IX, X, and XII of the Amended Complaint (DE 6), as asserted against the University Defendants, WITHOUT PREJUDICE ; and
3. The Court will issue a 26(f) meeting Order.